Unicef WASH 2018-2021-2022

The Goal Area 4 Global Annual Results Report 2022 and the results from the entire UNICEF Strategic Plan period 2018-2021. Summary: The UNICEF WASH programme is among the largest in the world. In 2022 UNICEF reached over 100 countries with WASH interventions. In each of these countries, UNICEF provided support for government response programmes either through emergency response or in support of strengthened WASH systems. This ranged from direct support for hand-washing facilities for school reopening campaigns and the construction of new water systems in communities, to technical support for national hand hygiene promotion programmes and strengthened hygiene-related policy instruments. In 2022 a total of 30,6 million people gained access to safe water services and 26 million people gained access to basic sanitation through UNICEF direct support. In 2022 UNICEF reached over 1 million persons with disabilities through direct support for WASH services. UNICEF WASH target for the Strategic Plan 2018-2021 was to reach 60 million people with water and sanitation services through direct support. With 69.9 million people gaining access to safe water supplies and 59.6 million to basic sanitation services, the target was achieved. The ongoing shift towards climate-resilient WASH continued in 2022. The goal is to fully integrate resilience in UNICEF WASH programming and highlighting the impact of climate change on WASH services and communities. UNICEF continued its work on strengthening national systems in 2022. This included the development of new policy instruments in over 30 countries and the implementation of the WASH Bottleneck Analysis Tool (WASH BAT) in 52 countries from 2016 to 2021 and 15 countries in 2022. Safe water supply: In 2022 a total of 30,6 million people gained access to safe water services through UNICEF direct support. UNICEF exceeded its 2018-2021 Strategic Plan target of reaching 60 million people with safe water services by almost 10 million people, reaching a total of 69.9 million people through direct support. Safe water services were provided in a total of 83 countries over the four-year period. 55 % of these beneficiaries (38.7 million people) were reached through development programming, with water services meeting the UNICEF "basic2" standard. The remainder were reached with durable water supplies in emergency contexts, which are sources that provide long-term service for people in protracted crisis situations and are different from short-term services such as water trucking, which are not included here (see the Emergency WASH section). Sanitation: In 2022 a total of 26 million people gained access to basic sanitation through UNICEF direct support. UNICEF reached a total of 59.6 million people in 20182021, just missing the outcome goal of 60 million people over the Strategic Plan period. This includes people reached through development programming (94 % of total beneficiaries over the four-year period) and people reached through humanitarian action with sanitation services that meet the JMP standard of basic sanitation of an improved facility not shared with other households. Through direct support alone, UNICEF has helped over 110,000 communities to achieve certified open defecation free (ODF) status over the 2018-2021 Strategic Plan period. In 2022 UNICEF direct support helped communities with a total population of 26.2 million people in 50 countries become open defecation free (ODF) as verified by government-led certification processes. Far more people are reached indirectly through UNICEF systems-strengthening support for national sanitation programmes. Hygiene: The COVID pandemic has highlighted the importance of hand hygiene among policymakers and the general public. UNICEF and its partners have used this momentum to build new partnerships, attract new funding sources and finance streams, and strengthen the national enabling environment for the promotion and support of hand washing in countries around the world. UNICEF provided support for COVID response through the provision of emergency supplies and facilities, or for strengthened WASH systems. UNICEF provided hand-washing facilities, soap and other hygiene items on a large scale in emergencies in many other countries and supports a wide range of initiatives to increase access to hand hygiene in schools and health-care facilities. In 2022 hand hygiene promotion was a focus area. In 2022 a total of 23,6 million people gained access to basic hygiene services through UNICEF direct support. A key component of the WHO and UNICEF "Hand hygiene for all" initiative is development of national road maps and related instruments for promotion of hand hygiene at the national level. UNICEF continued to support these efforts in over 60 countries in 2022, in collaborative processes involving different stakeholders. Emergency WASH: In 2022 a total of 39,4 million people gained or regained access to water services for drinking and hygiene through UNICEF humanitarian relief programmes and 9.3 million to sanitation services. This large-scale effort accounted for nearly half of the total 2022 expenditure on WASH. Over the 2018-2021 Strategic Plan period, emergency support reached an annual average of 38.8 million water beneficiaries and 9.5 million sanitation beneficiaries. UNICEF continues to act as the lead agency of the Global WASH Cluster, which was established by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, the humanitarian coordination forum of the United Nations system. The WASH Cluster coordinates global humanitarian response, builds the capacity of institutions, trains practitioners, acts as a humanitarian WASH knowledge repository, provides advisory and technical assistance, and advocates for stable funding and more effective and equitable responses. The Global WASH Cluster consist of United Nations agencies, international NGOs, academic institutes and donors. Climate-resilient WASH: In 2022 an estimated 5.4 million people gained access to climate-resilient water services through UNICEF direct support and 3.2 million to climate-resilient sanitation services, and constructed 1,855 solar-powered water systems. In 2019-2021, at total of 4,257 solar-powered water systems have been constructed. A total of 81 countries are now engaged in UNICEFs four-stage climate-resilience programme framework. The work on advancing climate resilience in country programmes is guided by the Strategic Framework for WASH Climate Resilience, a guidance package developed by UNICEF and the Global Water Partnership (GWP). Under the framework, climate resilience programmes advance through four levels of action, from assessing climate risks and identifying programming options to implementation and evaluation. The number of countries that have progressed through the assessment and design levels and are implementing climate options has increased from 15 in 2019 to 64 in 2022. Climate-resilient WASH services often contribute both to mitigation efforts, especially the use of solar-power pumping systems, and to improve the adaptability of systems to the effects of climate change. Protecting sanitation systems from flooding and rising water tables is a significant technological challenge, especially in resource-poor communities. UNICEF engaged in climate policy formulation in programme countries, and was confirmed as a delivery partner for the Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness funding and highlighted WASH as a core climate issue at the United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP). The shift towards climate resilience in its own programmes is also helping UNICEF to better support government partners to access the significant new climate-focused funding streams, including the Green Climate Fund (GCF), the Global Environment Fund (GEF) and the Adaptation Fund (AF). This includes support for building the evidence base on the need to include WASH as priority area with the two key climate instruments that are used by climate funds to assess the extent and cross-sectoral mix of funds at the country level: the National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). UNICEF is now providing this support in more than 20 countries over recent years. WASH in schools: To help ensure the rights of children to education and to water and sanitation, UNICEF has been providing direct support to improve WASH facilities in schools for many years in support of WASH goals as well as education goals under Goal Area 2 and SDG 4. In 2022 UNICEF supported WASH in 32 939 schools in a total of 76 countries. Far more schools were reached through humanitarian interventions in 2022, a total of 30,827 schools in 59 countries 21,112 schools with gender-segregated sanitation facilities (separate for girls and boys) through UNICEF direct and indirect support during the Strategic Plan 2018-2021. Since 2007 UNICEF has reached over 210,000 schools in countries around the world. Starting with the 2018-2021 Strategic Plan, UNICEF focused its support on the construction of private, sex-segregated sanitation facilities in schools to improve the school experience for girls, to help them to continue to attend school during their periods and to reduce the risk of Gender-Based Violence (GBV). WASH in health-care facilities: UNICEF programming to improve WASH in health-care facilities contributes to WASH programming goals as well as health goals under Goal Area 1 and SDG 3. In 2022 at total 10,827 health-care facilities were reached with WASH services in 73 countries. Direct support in WASH facilities and services in health centres, reached a total of 16,699 health-care centres over the 2018-2021 period of the Strategic Plan. Menstrual health and hygiene: UNICEF menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) programming is a priority area under the UNICEF Gender Action Plan (both the 2018-2021 and the 2022-2025 Strategic Plans). 58,977 Schools were reached with menstrual hygiene and health services through UNICEF direct support during the Strategic Plan 2018-2021. Almost 5 million women and girls were reached with MHH services and supplies in emergencies (humanitarian relief efforts) in the period 2018-2021. In 2022 a total of 17.5 million women and girls were reached with menstrual hygiene and health services and information with UNICEF direct support (13.8 million through development programming and 3.7 million through humanitarian response). This includes focused media and social campaigns, including on Menstrual Health Day, and provision of services in households, schools, health care facilities, and in internally displaced persons, refugee and transit camps. Analysis presented in the Narrative Report for year 2022: The UNICEF WASH programme is highly decentralized, with just 1% of expenditure and 3% of its over 700 staff at the headquarters level, with the rest at country or regional level. The most resources are in subSaharan Africa countries, with 37% of expenditure and 47% of professional staff. The expenditure for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region was 31 % and South Asia 16 %. UNICEF expenditure is also focused on countries with the greatest needs: 77 % of country-level expenditure in 2022 was in fragile or extremely fragile countries. As in previous years, UNICEF expenditure on emergency WASH programming accounted for about half of all WASH expenditure (48 % in 2022). At current rates of progress, the world will not achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) targets by 2030, and the rights of all children and their families to safe water and sanitation will not be fulfilled. As the climate crisis worsens, access to water is threatened by water scarcity and unsustainable water abstraction, WASH services are increasingly interrupted by more frequent and severe floods and droughts and other climate related events. Nearly half the worlds population (3.6 billion people) lack access to safe sanitation, one quarter (2 billion) do not have safely managed water services, and nearly one third (2.3 billion) do not have a handwashing facility with soap and water in their homes. At least a quadrupling of current rates of progress is needed to meet the global SDG WASH targets, and much higher rates of progress are needed in the most off-track countries and to reach the most vulnerable populations, including in fragile and crisis contexts. This is a massive undertaking that will require accelerated action by all stakeholders and significant new sources of financing and other resources. Its size, global reach and programmatic scope make the UNICEF WASH programme among the largest in the world. Nevertheless, even this large programme cannot meet the challenge of reaching SDG WASH targets on its own: significant increases in financing and accelerated efforts by an expanded group of stakeholders are the only way that targets will be achieved. Conclusion in Swedish: UNICEF är en av de största globala aktörerna som arbetar med WASH. Under 2022 så har UNICEF arbete resulterat i att 30,6 miljoner människor fått tillgång till säkert dricksvatten, 26 miljoner människor fått tillgång till fullgod sanitet (oftast latriner eller toaletter) för att slippa uträtta sina behov utomhus och 23,6 miljoner till hygien (oftast genom handtvätt). Under organisationens hela strategiperiod 2018-2021 så har UNICEF arbete resulterat i att 69.9 miljoner människor fått tillgång till säkert dricksvatten och 59.6 miljoner människor fått tillgång till fullgod sanitet och hygien. Under 2022 har UNICEF försett 32 939 skolor och 10 827 sjukvårdsinrättningar med dricksvatten, toaletter och möjlighet för handtvätt. Under organisationens hela strategiperiod 2018-2021 så har UNICEF försett 21,112 skolor och 16,699 sjukvårdsinrättningar med dricksvatten, toaletter och möjlighet för handtvätt. Under 2022 har dessutom UNICEF försett 17,5 miljoner kvinnor och flickor med personliga hygienartiklar för bruk vid menstruation, relaterade hälsotjänster och information (på engelska: menstrual hygiene and health services and information). Under organisationens hela strategiperiod 2018-2021 så har UNICEF försett 58,977 skolor med personliga hygienartiklar för bruk vid menstruation och relaterade hälsotjänster. Under 2022 hjälpte UNICEF samhällen med 26.2 miljoner människor i 50 länder att helt sluta uträtta sina behov utomhus, dvs att uppnått en certified open defecation free status. Under strategiperioden 2018-2021 hjälpte UNICEF över 110,000 samhällen att helt sluta uträtta sina behov utomhus, dvs att uppnått en certified open defecation free status. Övergången för att öka integrering av klimatresilience i UNICEF WASH verksamhet omfattar nu 81 länder. Under 2022 etablerade UNICEF 1,855 vattensystem som drivs av solenergi. UNICEF ger dessutom stöd till länder för att de skall kunna få tillgång till mer klimatinriktad finansiering så som FN:s Gröna Klimat fonden (GCF), den Globala miljöfonden (GEF) och Anpassningsfonden (AF)...

Sustained use of safe water and sanitation services and adoption of hygiene practices and strengthened systems for a clean and safe environment for all children, women, girls and boys, particularly the most disadvantaged and those affected by humanitarian situations. Results will be derived and assessed based on the annual thematic results report by UNICEF for Goal Area 4 - "Every Child Lives in a Safe Clean Environment" results and progress within the global WASH programs. For the period 2020-2022, Sida and other donors requested the Global Annual Results Report to include greater details on the following: UNICEF will continue including examples, case studies and progress on new, key areas such as Climate Resilience WASH, WASH in Institutions, urban WASH, strengthening systems and enabling environment, UNICEF will strive to strengthen the financial report to include analysis of funding gaps by regions and countries in the Annual Results Report, as part of UNICEF wide ongoing effort on funding gaps analysis as part of the Structured Funding Dialogue of the Executive Board. Data (knowledge) management: Recommend UNICEF to explore current partnerships and collaboration to help strengthen the country level data management, including areas as data quality, capacity, analysis and use, flow. Bilateral or multi-partner consultations: Recommend UNICEF to organize bilateral or multi-partners consultations on key thematic areas such as sustainability, Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM), enabling environment, innovative financing, climate, water scarcity in relation Humanitarian WASH in Health, WASH in Education, and the funding gap analysis. Demonstrating Strategic partnerships: Recommend UNICEF to build further on the strong and close collaboration at the global levels and explore ways to demonstrate collaborative approach for WASH results at the country level, including continue to involve key humanitarian WASH focal points from UNICEF and resource partners in further work on humanitarian development nexus and MTR shift on linking lifesaving needs with sustainable solutions Defining how to measure indirect results: Recommend UNICEF to develop the WASH results ladder. UNICEF to convene lead multi-partners team to further develop the methodology for measuring "indirect results" on the ground...