World Bank/Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership 2016-2021
Insats-ID : SE-0-SE-6-61050147På denna webbplats visas öppna data om det svenska biståndet, som visar när, till vem och för vilket ändamål svenskt biståndsmedel betalas ut, samt vad det har gett för resultat. Denna sida innehåller information om en av de insatser som finansieras med svenskt bistånd.
Världsbanken genomgick 2014 en omfattande omorganisation där de olika sektorer som banken arbetade med samlades i sk. Global practices, av vilka vatten var en: Water Global Practice. Genom att samla i princip all vattenrelaterad verksamhet, med undantag för investeringslånen (IDA), inom en enhet kan banken ta ett större helhetsgrepp och bättre än tidigare kopp...
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- B03 - Bidrag till specifika program och fonder genom internationella organisationer (multilaterala, INGO)
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Världsbanken genomgick 2014 en omfattande omorganisation där de olika sektorer som banken arbetade med samlades i sk. Global practices, av vilka vatten var en: Water Global Practice. Genom att samla i princip all vattenrelaterad verksamhet, med undantag för investeringslånen (IDA), inom en enhet kan banken ta ett större helhetsgrepp och bättre än tidigare koppla kunskaper och erfarenheter från de fattigdomsinriktade programmen Water & Sanitation Program (med stöd från Sida mfl givare 2012-2016) samt Water Partnership Program (med stöd av andra givare) till bankens låneverksamhet inom vattensektorn som helhet. 'The Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership' (GWSP) är ett samarbete mellan Sida och andra givare och Världsbankens organisatoriska entitet Water Global Practice i syfte att bidra till att skapa en "vattensäker värld för alla", och till att uppnå bankens dubbla mål om att dels elliminera den extrema fattigdomen och dels till att främja ökat välstånd för de 40% fattigaste i varje land till 2030. Genom Sidas stöd till partnerskapet förväntas banken därmed på ett väsentligt sätt kunna bidra till genomförandet av Agenda 2030 och ett flertal av de 17 globala utevcklingsmålen, men med fokus framför allt på mål 6 för vatten. Sida föreslår att ett icke-öronmärkt programstöd beviljas med ett speciellt uppföljningsfokus på dels dricksvattenförsörjning, sanitet och hygien och dels för vattensäkerhet och vattenresursförvaltning, men också utifrån bankens prioriterade teman för hållbarhet; inkludering av fattiga, sårbara och marginaliserade grupper; stärkta institutioner; innovativ/alternativ finansiering samt ökad grad av resiliens och minskad sårbarhet hos partnerländer. Sidas stöd till partnerskapet kommer främst att utgöras av finansiering av teknisk expertis för att utforma bankens investeringslån (IDA) för olika vattenrelaterade program i partnerländerna, utifrån fattiga människors behov för att därigenom kunna lyfta framför allt de mest utsatta grupperna ut fattigdom och samtidigt skapa möjligheter för att bidra till utveckling av ländernas ekonomier. Sida har under ca två års tid tillsammans med andra givare, bl.a. UK, Holland, Norge, Finland, Schweiz, Gates Foundation samt USAID varit aktiv i dialogen kring utformningen av GWSP's projektdokument och resultatramverk. GWSPs fem 'affärsområden' bl.a. - vattenförsörjning och sanitet samt vattensäkerhet och vattenresursförvaltning - bygger på de ansatser och metoder som bla. utvecklats under Sidas stöd 2012-2015 till Water & Sanitation Programme, men också genom andra givares stöd till Water Partnership Programme. Särskild vikt har vid förhandlingarna med banken lagts på partnerskapets resultatramverk. Sida avser att vara aktiv i partnerskapets råd och delta i dialog och uppföljning av bl.a. uppdateringar av budget och resultatramverk i konsultation med övriga berörda givare, i samband med det första rådsmötet som planeras till början av 2017. Programmets totala budget beräknas för perioden 2017-2021 uppgå till ca 1 776 MSEK (200 MUSD). Sidas bidrag för 2016-2019 föreslås uppgå till 210 MSEK. Under förutsättning att banken erhåller full finansiering (dvs 200 MUSD) för GWSP förväntas det föreslagna programmet under 2017-2021 bidra till att, på basis av partnerskapets finansiering av tekniskt stöd för fattigdomsanpassning av investeringslånen, uppnå följande resultat: För vattenförsörjning och sanitet • 70 miljoner fler människor får tillgång till förbättrad vattenkällor • 80 miljoner fler människor får tillgång till förbättrad sanitet • 25 000 ton föroreningsbelastning har avlägsnats genom reningsverk • 13 miljoner fler människor har utbildats om handhygien • 90 vattenverk har förbättrat sin funktionalitet För vattensäkerhet och integrerad vattenresursförvaltning • Genomförande av riskreducerande åtgärder, bla. avsende torka eller översvämningar, som direkt påverkar 16 miljoner och och indirekt 60 miljoner människor • 140 flodavrinningsområden med förvaltningsplaner och mekanismer för att engagera berörda intressenter • 120 institutioner med uppföljnings- och övervakningssystem för vattenresursförvaltning • 1,3 miljoner hektar mark och/eller vattenområden förvaltas på ett hållbart sätt. Dessa förväntade resultat kan dock komma att skrivas ned om den nuvarande underfinansieringen kommer att kvarstå. Idagsläget har banken säkrat ca 55% av den planerad budgetramen. Finland, Danmark, Österrike, USAID samt UK har ännu inte heller meddelat om stöd kommer att ges och ej heller om möjlig omfattning. Om underfinansieringen bedöms fortsätta under 2017 och framåt behöver Sida resa krav på att banken presenterar en reviderad budget utifrån nödvändiga prioriteringar av aktiviteter/verksamheter samt nedskrivning av förväntade resultat. Sidas bedömning är dock att det kommer att finnas tillräckligt med medel i fonden för att den ska kunna bli operationell från 2017-01-01. Det bilagda avtalsutkastet bygger på en av Sida ny beslutad och med banken förhandlad mall för multigivarfonder.
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Resultat
BLOCK A: (examples of results) -19 countries (compared to 17 countries in FY21) were supported to develop policies and strategies that strengthen the sustainable management of water resources and of built infrastructure assets. -10 country-specific grants (compared to 8 in FY21) reported results achieved related to water institutions trained in gender, inclusion issues, and/or human resources practices related to diversity and inclusion. A concrete example is the work in Vietnam where GWSP has supported the development of the source assessment methodology to ensure sustainable and reliable water supply. Several water-related institutions benefited from this support, including the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, and the Ministry of Construction. In FY22 this grant reported progress toward improved monitoring and as a result; improved sustainable management of water resources at the national, basin and/or aquifer level. Furthermore, GWSP supports the Water Sector Dialogue in Egypt, Djibouti and Yemen. In FY22 outputs included the delivery of analysis of wastewater sector plans; policies and standards to assess opportunities for enhancing wastewater reuse in Egypt; a holistic financial analysis of desalinization and how it will impact the financial viability of the water and sanitation sector; and a workshop to share experiences and good practices on drought and flood risk management among officials from Egypt, Jordan, and Brazil. BLOCK B: B1: All targets aiming towards institutional changes and leveraged effects on design and implementation of lending operations were surpassed. New targets are under review by the Partnership Council. B2:The sector results indicators are presented as per below, in relation to the cumulative result and the targets for the same period in parenthesis. Results financial year ending June 2022 (results for the period FY 2018-2022, and target for period FY 2018-2022) Water Sanitation and Hygiene: -12,5 million people have access to imporved water sources (64,3 million, 70 million people) -7 million people have access to improved sanitation (201 million *, 80 million people) -13 000 tonnes of Biological Oxygen Demand Pollution load is removed by treatment plants (87 000 tonnes, 87 000 tonnes) -0,5 million people have been trained on hygiene/hand washing behavior (11 million, 13 million) -18 water utilities have improved their working (service) ratio (118 water utilities, 90 water utilities) For water security and integrated water resource management: -1,7 million people in areas covered by water risk mitigation measures (flood, drought) (21,8 million, 16 million) -19 basins have management plans and mechanisms for stakeholder engagement (91 basins, 140 basins) -23 institutions have water resources management monitoring systems (109 institutions, 120 institutions) -1,4 million hectares are under sustainable land/water management practices (4,8 million, 1,3 million) *The sanitation result is heavily impacted by the massive sanitation campaign in India and not representative of GWSP's global work. This data has also been questioned by different actors. BLOCK C: During FY22, in-depth analysis was conducted and completed in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Vietnam and Uganda. There are separate reports and one summary report. Overall observations are that there are challenges for all Block C countries to attain the SDG 6 targets, except for Vietnam that appears to be on track, at least for water and sanitation provision. On the SDG advancements made, the report states that "Though SDG advancements cannot be directly attributed to GWSP-activities, the evaluation states that in the case of Vietnam, there is a clear narrative from stakeholder interviews that they are appreciative of, and recognize the utility of the GWSP support and are also able to identify the grant-funded components of GWSP as distinct from World Bank lending operations". There are positive trends for water use efficiency and degree of water resource management in all countries. The report states that " Notable policy achievement that GWSP has contributed to are the increased consideration of IWRM (particularly regarding groundwater), guidance on implementation of the national water policy etc." Narrative account of results: The annual report provides many examples of the divers types of results attained during the year: Results delivering on the Strategy for Sweden's global development cooperation in sustainable social development 2018-2022 The following results on Water Sanitation and Hygiene, WASH, contribute to the strategy objective on Improved Access to safe water and sanitation in health care facilities / Förbättrad tillgång till rent vatten och säkert hanterad och hållbar sanitet och hygien generellt och inom hälsovården: -several examples on how the program "utilities for the future" has included support to develop digital roadmaps. There are also some information on the digital transformation supported in Tunisia, Peru, India and Kenya. The utilities for the future program is growing rapidly, and to date has reached over 70 utilities in more than 25 countries. - With GWSP support, national water sector Public Expenditure Reviews have been completed in close to 20 countries around the world. -Benin: In 2017, a Strategy and Master Plan for the Development of the Rural Water Supply Sector was put in place to address the low access to piped water in Benin. With the intention to invest more than $270 million of government funding and close to $500 million investments by the World Bank and donors, an executive agency for rural water supply has been set up. GWSP has provided support to a new model for professionalized service delivery, private sector innovation and private finance, including structures for operators remuneration, water system renewal as well as rehabilitation and maintenance. In April 2022 three affermage contracts were signed with joint venture operations after a bidding process. The contracts introduce strong incentives for the operators to deliver on expanding access and improving service quality and sustainability, as well as reducing nonrevenue water and improving bill collection. GWSP's assistance also made possible a gender gap assessment to define the specific support needed for women's empowerment in the rural water sector, both in terms of employment and responsibility for decision-making. A new monitoring indicator- "number of women benefiting from training as rural water supply professionals"- has been incorporated into the results framework, with a target of 15 percent. The executive agency has published six semi-annual reports, publicly available on a government website, contributing to transparency and accountability in the sector. The reports detail both the assets and the performance of service providers based on key performance indicators. A tariff reform has been performed. The renewed capacity in the rural water supply sector has made plans to expand efforts to include water resources management, for instance measurement of the impact of rural water supply systems on groundwater, especially in hydro-geologically difficult areas. Interest in the model used in Benin has been expressed by other countries, of which one is the Democratic Republic of Congo. -Nigeria: GWSP is supporting the governments commitment to reform and build government capacity, complementing a $700 million World Bank loan. Implementation of different plans, including sustainability indicators, are conditional for disbursement tranches of the loan. GWSP has supported the dissemination of preparatory tools through workshops and additional hands-on support to the participating states. Utilities are supported to assess their current performance and defining further plans, build resilience and assess risk. The GWSP-supported Equal Aqua platform helped six Nigerian utilities create more inclusive and divers workplaces by promoting gender diversity and disability inclusion. The following results is an example on how the contribution contributes to the strategy objective on: Improved access to safe WASH in schools (SOC2018b4 - Förbättrad tillgång till rent vatten och säkert hanterad sanitet och hygien i skolor) As a result of GWSP financed support to document and promote good practices on WASH accessibility in schools, a national WASH program in Tanzania monitors the accessibility of sanitation facilities in schools. Results delivering on the Strategy for Sweden's global development cooperation in the areas of environmental sustainability, sustainable climate and oceans, and sustainable use of natural resources 20182022 The following is an example of results on Water resources management contribute to the strategy objective "Strengthening protection and restoration, as well as sustainable management and use of marine, coastal and freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity, natural resources, and ecosystem services" -19 countries (compared to 17 countries in FY21) were supported to develop policies and strategies that strengthen the sustainable management of water resources and of built infrastructure assets. (reported above under BLOCK A) -GWSP has enabled the mobilisation of 13 billion USD in the form of new loans from the World Bank. Among the benefitting countries are 8 fragil and conflict-affected states (DRC, Mali, Mocambique, Niger, Nigeria, Solomon Island, South Sudan and Timor-Leste) where the loans aim at improving improved management of water resources and investments in agriculture irrigation. -According to the World Bank's Regional Director in Latin America and the Caribbean, clients (partner countries) are increasingly asking for support to implement nature base solutions, landscape management and climate adapted agriculture which are significant results of dissemination of analysis, reports and other works. (intervention during Water Week in Washington February 2023) The following is example of results on pollution loads contribute to the strategy objective "Cleaner water and oceans, reduced pollution and reduced littering" 13 000 tons of Biological Oxygen Demand pollution load is removed by treatment plants. (reported above under BLOCK B2) The following results on water risk/resilience contribute to the strategy objective "Reducing the vulnerability of people living in poverty, and increased resilience to tackling climate change and natural disasters" 1,7 million people live in areas covered by water risk mitigation measures (flooding /droughts)(reported above under BLOCK B2)
The impacts and outcomes are in the project document described in different ways, but measured both qualitatively and quantitatively for the themes for sustainability, inclusion, institutions, financing and resilience. The framework is built into three blocks:- Block A will track "direct results" from activities funded by the GWSP, ie. outputs in the form of development of policies, strategies, regulatory frameworks, development of knowledge products, strengthening water sector actors etc.- Block B tracks the impact of GWSP funded activities on the WGP itself, ie. outcomes in terms of institutional changes and leveraged effects on design and implementation of lending operations. This includes ia. gap/knowledge identification, new guidelines for Bank staff, capacity building, pilot initiatives etc.- Block C tracks combined outcomes of GWSP-funded activities and lending operations at country level, ie. outcomes in the form of eg. changes in water resources management, investment planning, service deliveryThe intended quantitative outcomes/results for ALL water activities managed by the Bank, to which the GWSP will contribute by creating leverage for the water related investment lending during 2017-2021, are for WASH & IRWM:For Water Supply and Sanitation• 70 million people have access to improved water sources• 80 million people have access to improved sanitation• 25 000 tonnes of Biological Oxygen Demand pollution loads is removed by treatment plants• 13 million people have been trained on hygiene/hand washing behaviour• 90 water utilities have improved their working (service) ratioFor Water Security and Integrated WRM• Water risk mitigating measures will be implemented in areas impacting directly 16 million people and indirectly 60 million• 140 basins have management plans and mechanisms for stakeholder engagement • 120 institutions have WRM monitoring systems •1.3 million hectares are under sustainable land/water management practices.This is under the condition that the Bank will manage to cover the present funding gap of approx. 76 MUSD. Else, the above mentioned expected results will have to be reduced.
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